Many people use the terms speech and language interchangeably, but they actually refer to different skills — and understanding the difference is key to supporting communication.

Speech is about how we say words. It includes pronunciation, clarity, voice, and fluency. For example, someone who struggles to pronounce “s” sounds or stutters is experiencing speech difficulties.

Language, on the other hand, is about what we say and understand. It involves vocabulary, sentence structure, grammar, and the ability to follow or give directions, tell stories, or understand abstract concepts. A child who mixes up word meanings or has trouble understanding questions is experiencing language difficulties.

So, what do speech pathologists do?
Speech pathologists are trained to assess and treat both speech and language challenges. They help individuals:

Improve speech clarity and articulation
Build vocabulary and grammar skills
Develop social communication and conversation skills
Support swallowing and feeding in some cases

Whether it’s helping a child speak clearly in school, supporting an adult recovering from a stroke, or working with someone on social communication skills, speech pathologists tailor strategies to each person’s needs.

If you notice someone struggling to be understood or having difficulty expressing themselves, a speech pathologist can provide assessment, guidance, and practical strategies to make communication easier and more confident.